Freedom from Addictions (by Douglas Quirk and Reg Reynolds)
This book presents a model to account for addictive behaviour in such a way that it can be modified, treatment based on this model, and a report on how well that has worked in practice. It details (1) the development of a questionnaire to identify the motivations that drive addictions, (2) a detailed series of treatments for them, and (3) the successful outcome of those treatments.
Based on many years of clinical psychology practice, the authors had formed the belief that:
- addiction results from the user’s attempt to alleviate felt distress. That is, addictive behaviour amounts to self-medication
- a substance is only addictive if it relatively rapidly reduces an uncomfortable state and/or creates a desired or pleasant state.
- a substance is only addictive for those people who experience and are uncomfortable with those specific habitual uncomfortable states that the substance alters.
- the problems for which addicts seek chemical relief can more productively be addressed through psychological treatment, and
- this can be most economically be done through either individual or group psychological treatment
Since the aim was to identify the causes of addictions in order to be able to treat them, we began by drawing up a questionnaire to explore things like anxiety, depression, stimulus hunger, felt need for disinhibition, and the like – along with the substances which these addicts might have been presumed to use.
To be continued